In my urban photos, I prefer subjects like reflections, vivid paint and graffiti, interesting textures, and architectural details. Many of my urban photos are abstract compositions featuring bold form and color in flattened space. However, after returning from East Asia, I sought a more intriguing use of depth than the traditional illusion of real space. So I began to photograph overlaid images in the urban environment, such as shadows, objects behind fences and windows, and window reflections, in which one object's shape is defined or modified by another (a shadow or a reflection) superimposed upon it. With this, my urban photographs became more richly textured and spatially ambiguous.

My photographs of reflections and store window displays led me toward a more surreal kind of urban photography, in which layers of images reflect the multiple simultaneous activities of city life. This includes many photographs of the mannequins that populate our cities from behind glass, and reflections in glass or metal that capture the refractive nature of city life. Then I decided to create my own surreal layered photographic images.  This was before digital photography, so I created in-camera multiple exposures using color slide film.  I discovered that multiple exposures yielded luminous, surreal colors otherwise unobtainable in photography.